童骋 | 昔日开国将 今作镇宅神
<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><p style="text-align: left; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 20px; text-align: justify;"> 隋末唐初，烽烟处处，各路英豪，争雄称主。太宗一统，</span><span style="font-size: 20px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">凌烟阁塑，</span><span style="font-size: 20px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">廿四功臣，英名永驻</span><span style="font-size: 20px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">。</span><br/></p><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 话说唐太宗一统天下以后，君臣同心，开创了贞观盛世。贞观十七年(643年)，太宗年老体衰，经常怀念</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">当初一同打天下、治天下的众位功臣</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">，追想当年金戈铁马、气吞万里的战斗岁月，遂将二十四位功臣的形象绘入凌烟阁，以显人臣荣耀之最，以慰君臣思念之情。在将马钱门神钱中，有一对是表现其中二位的：秦叔宝、尉迟敬德，本文予以赏析。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0% -22px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 50px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 100px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, rgb(33, 91, 233) 0%, rgb(129, 231, 253) 100%);padding: 0px 20px 0px 35px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 9px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 20px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 3px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(0, 126, 173) 1.28558px 1.53209px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 开 国 将 </strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 秦叔宝、尉迟恭为唐朝的建立和巩固立下了赫赫战功。尉迟恭位列凌烟阁功臣之第七名，秦叔宝位列凌烟阁功臣之第二十四名。</p></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em auto;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;border-radius: 1.5em;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="padding: 3px;display: inline-block;border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(249, 110, 87);color: rgb(138, 78, 54);font-size: 18px;line-height: 2;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">图1 秦叔宝</p><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">秦琼(?-638年)，字叔宝，齐州历城(今山东济南市)人。官至左武卫大将军、翼国公，死后追赠为徐州都督、胡国公，谥曰壮。</p></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 如图1所示为唐朝开国名将秦叔宝。秦琼初为隋将，先后在来护儿、张须陀、裴仁基帐下任职，因勇武过人而远近闻名。后随裴仁基投奔瓦岗军领袖李密，瓦岗败亡后转投王世充，因见王世充为人奸诈，与程咬金等人一起投奔李唐。投唐后随李世民南征北战，冲阵杀将，是一个能在万马军中取敌将首级的勇将。隋唐十八条好汉之一。</p></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em auto;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;border-radius: 1.5em;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="padding: 3px;display: inline-block;border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(249, 110, 87);color: rgb(138, 78, 54);font-size: 18px;line-height: 2;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">图2 尉迟敬德</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">尉迟恭(585年-658年12月26日)，字敬德，朔州平鲁下木角人。官至右武候大将军，封鄂国公，死后册赠司徒、并州都督，谥号“忠武”</p></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 如图2所示为唐朝开国名将尉迟敬德。尉迟恭纯朴忠厚，勇武善战。初为隋将，后从刘武周，武德三年（620年）降唐。跟随李世民征战南北，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">驰骋疆场，破郑灭夏，击破突厥，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">勇冠三军，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">屡立战功。多次冒险救李世民于危难之中，玄武门之变时助李世民夺取帝位。隋唐十八条好汉之一。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0% -22px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 50px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 100px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, rgb(33, 91, 233) 0%, rgb(129, 231, 253) 100%);padding: 0px 20px 0px 35px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 9px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 20px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 3px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(0, 126, 173) 1.28558px 1.53209px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 武 门 神 </strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 镇宅神即为武门神。门神（<span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">即司门守卫之神</span>）有武门神、文门神、祈福门神等之分，武门神一般贴在大门上（镇宅），文门神一般贴在正堂屋及厢房门上。下面我们来赏析一对将马钱门神钱：武门神叔宝与敬德。</p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 94%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="background: -webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgb(55, 186, 240), rgb(212, 236, 244));box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254);padding: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-12px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-12px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-12px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-12px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(12px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(12px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(12px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(12px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">图3 门神钱 叔宝</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 如图3所示为将马钱之门神钱叔宝，圆形，方穿，单缘，单郭。正面人物为武将秦叔宝，一生戎装、手执双锏、怒目视右、威风凛凛，身旁左上方“叔寳”二字。背面为马图，右向立马、提足回首。</p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 94%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="background: -webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgb(55, 186, 240), rgb(212, 236, 244));box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254);padding: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-12px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-12px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-12px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-12px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(12px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(12px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(12px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(12px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;">图4 门神钱 敬德</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 如图4所示为将马钱之门神钱敬德，圆形，方穿，单缘，单郭。正面人物为武将尉迟敬德，身着戎装、手持单鞭、怒目视左、器宇轩昂，身旁右下方“敬德”二字。背面为马图，左向立马、提足回首。</p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 武门神通常贴在临街的大门上，为了镇住恶魔或灾星从大门外进入，故所供的门神多手持兵器，如刀枪剑戟、斧钺钩叉、鞭锏锤爪、铛棍槊棒、拐子、流星等。门神通常都是成对的，因此门神钱亦是成对的。图3、4为对钱，表现了门神叔宝、敬德的英武形象。武门神贴在大门上时（<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">大门</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">朝南），东边（右）为上、贴秦叔宝像，西边（左）为下、贴尉迟恭的像。如图5所示，成对称呼应、环视四周之势，显镇鬼驱邪、护宅佑主之威。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 94%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="background: -webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgb(55, 186, 240), rgb(212, 236, 244));box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254);padding: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-12px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-12px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-12px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-12px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(12px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(12px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(12px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(12px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">图5 武门神 叔宝与敬德</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 《西游记》（<span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">第一十回 二将军宫门镇鬼 唐太宗地府还魂 </span>）是这样评价他们的：头戴金盔光烁烁，身披铠甲龙鳞。护心宝镜幌祥云，狮蛮收紧扣，绣带彩霞新。这一个凤眼朝天星斗怕，那一个环睛映电月光浮。他本是英雄豪杰旧勋臣，只落得<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">千年称户尉</strong>，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">万古作门神</strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">户尉，即门神。道教称门神左者为门丞，右者为户尉</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">）</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0% -22px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 50px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 100px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, rgb(33, 91, 233) 0%, rgb(129, 231, 253) 100%);padding: 0px 20px 0px 35px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 9px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 20px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 3px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(0, 126, 173) 1.28558px 1.53209px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 缘 由 </strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 秦叔宝、尉迟恭为唐朝开国大将，怎么就成了门神呢？而且还被誉为中国第一门神。其主要缘由有二：</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 源于《西游记》。传说唐朝开国之初，长安附近的泾河龙王犯了天条，玉帝令魏征为监斩官，泾河龙王向唐太宗求情，太宗答应。到了斩龙的那个时辰，便故意宣召魏征来下棋。没想到魏征下着下着打了一个盹，就灵魂升天，梦中把龙王斩了。泾河龙王由此怪罪于李世民，夜夜纠缠不休，弄得李世民寝食难安。李世民只好召秦琼、敬德于门前守卫，自此得以安寝。二位将军连站三夜岗，太宗念及他们彻夜辛苦，遂命宫廷画家将秦琼和尉迟敬德的形象描在画布之上，并张贴于宫廷的正门之上，亦使其安寝。</p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">图6 门神年画 秦叔宝尉迟恭</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 源于《隋唐演义》。唐太宗成就帝业期间杀人无数，既位后身体极差，夜间梦寐不宁，多做恶梦，李世民惧之，受不住折磨，召众将群臣商议，让元帅秦琼与大将军尉迟恭二人，每夜披甲持械守卫于宫门两旁，果然平安无事。然久而久之，太宗念秦琼，尉迟恭二将日夜辛劳，便让宫中画匠绘制二将之戎装像，怒目发威，手持鞭锏，悬挂于宫门两旁，此后邪祟全消。</p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">图7 门神年画 秦叔宝尉迟恭</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 如此神威，即由宫内传到宫外，再流传到民间。人们将开国大将秦叔宝、尉迟恭奉为神灵，将其神像贴于门上，用以驱邪避鬼、卫家宅、保平安等，尊为武门神。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 民间过春节时，有在门上贴门神年画（或春联）的习俗。<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">门神</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">年画源于唐代，宋元形成习俗，明代广泛流行，到清代达到鼎盛。秦叔宝、尉迟恭受到民间尊奉，成为民间最受欢迎的保护神之一，《西游记》、《隋唐演义》功不可没。如今民间依然可见其门神年画，如图6、7、8所示。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">图8 门神年画 秦叔宝尉迟恭</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">（<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文中人物画像、门神年画均源于网络，诚致谢意！</strong>）</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 昔日开国将，今作镇宅神；生当作人杰，死亦镇鬼雄。秦叔宝、尉迟恭刚毅木讷、气镇三军，一心表节、百战标奇，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">凛然风骨、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">浩然正气，惊天地、泣鬼神，君喜民欢，尊为第一武门神不为过。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong>编辑：吴勇胜<br/></strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">总编辑：陆碧波</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></span></p></section></section><link rel="stylesheet" href="//xinsubei.com/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_J63" id="wcn_editor_css"/>
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