民国首富在盐城搞了一个大项目，影响力绵绵不绝
<section style="text-align: left;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section><span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);"> 近代以来，谁是对盐城影响最大的商人？</span></section><p> 这个问题看似很突兀，但打开发轫于105年前的第一次沿海开发大潮——废灶兴垦史，便会一目了然。</p><p> 是张謇先生吗？NO！他老人家是晚清状元，在政府高官与实业家之间自由切换，而且个人财富也并不能占据当时“百富榜”的前列。</p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"><br/></section></section><p><br/></p><p> <span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: auto;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: auto;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;color: rgb(250, 83, 89);font-size: 14px;text-align: center;caret-color: rgb(250, 83, 89);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">▲</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: auto;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: auto;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;float: none;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>这个人，就是近代金融家、清末民初扬州最大的盐商、上海滩地皮大王、江苏盐区最大的垣商、江西人<span style="font-weight: bold;color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">周扶九</span>！其资产高达5000万两白银，富可敌国，妥妥的民国早期首富。</p><p><br/></p><p> 他一个江西老表，却是盐城沿海开发的先驱。他投身这项泽被后世的大事业时，已经年过八旬！</p><p><br/></p><p> 周扶九，江西吉安人，名鵾，字扶九。一说字泽鹏。想来都是寓意“大鹏一日同风起，扶摇直上九万里”。他出生于1831年，正是盐城籍<span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">武状元</span>徐开业在潼关殉职之年，咸丰皇帝也在这一年出生。</p><p><br/></p><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 16px;visibility: visible;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;padding: 0px 0.8em;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;text-align: center;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: left; width: 448.417px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><section style="margin: -3.2em 0px -2.8em;padding: 8px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;box-shadow: rgba(159, 160, 160, 0.5) 0px 0px 10px;width: 448.417px;float: left;visibility: visible;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px;padding: 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;width: 297.390625px;float: left;visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px 4px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;visibility: visible;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;text-indent: 2em;visibility: visible;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"></span></p><p> <span style="color: rgb(47, 118, 195);">这位乱世首富，既不是官二代，也不是富二代，他靠的是机遇，更靠传奇般的把握机遇的超能力。</span></p></section></section></section></section><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; width: 448.417px; visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p></section></section><p><br/></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"> 周扶九早年丧父，由母亲抚养成人。因家境贫寒，仅读了几年私塾。十四五岁时，母亲命他到长沙伯父处谋生，离家时给200文路费，到长沙用去120文，将剩下的80文交给伯父。伯父觉得这孩子俭朴笃实，就向店主引荐当学徒。这是个经营绸布生意的商号，兼办钱庄等业务，生意遍及湖南、安徽、江苏等地。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"> 周扶九学习认真，记忆力惊人，而且身材高大，吃苦耐劳，深得店主赏识，学徒期满后即负责对外业务。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"> <span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;">一次，周扶九到扬州收账，有一木行老板因购买盐票而资金拮据，要求延期还款，并表示若一定要按期还款，不足部分用盐票抵账。但太平天国运动方兴，盐票在扬州极难提盐，贬值到近乎废纸，无人愿意接手。周扶九万般无奈，只得收下25张盐票，向扬州钱庄借款交账。</span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"><br/></span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"> 这一沓“花纸”自然不能交给东家充账，回到老家的周扶九近乎破产。然而，塞翁失马，风水轮流转。</span></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">太平天国战火烧到长江中下游，交通受阻，两淮盐场食盐积压，两湖却食盐奇缺，捧着钱也买不到盐。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"> 周扶九避居老家，勉强度日。夫人偶然在针线盒里翻到那一沓盐票，令周扶九双眼放光，他立即意识到机会来了！自古富贵险中求。周扶九身体里的冒险基因被激活了，随即不顾丢掉脑袋的风险，在战场缝隙间穿行，将第一票淮盐运抵湖南，当场就被抢购一空。此举令他获利巨丰，掘得</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);color: rgb(248, 173, 25);">平生“第一桶金”</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"><br/></span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"></span></span></p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><p><br/></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"></span></span><br/></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"> 周扶九自此打开商业天才模式，凭借敏锐的嗅觉和果敢的投资，一往无前，几乎干什么赚什么，生意、实业遍及大江南北，还“杀”到了江苏沿海，成了草堰场（盐场）最大的垣商，名下拥有数十万亩灶地滩涂。</span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"><br/></span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"><span style="font-size: 17px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> 周扶九吃下草堰场时，因潮汐不至，卤气日淡，当地“煮海为盐”日渐式微，烈火煎盐的成本甚至十倍于晒盐，盐场内停煎私垦现象非常普遍。</span></span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"><span style="font-size: 17px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><br/></span></span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"> 其时，</span><span style="font-size: 17px;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">与之相识的张</span><span style="font-weight: bold;">謇先生（上图</span></span></span><span style="font-weight: bold;color: rgb(250, 83, 89);caret-color: rgb(250, 83, 89);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;font-size: 17px;display: inline !important;">▲</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(250, 83, 89);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"><span style="font-size: 17px;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">），担任</span><span style="font-weight: bold;">北洋政府农工商总长，于1914年主持制定了鼓励垦荒的《国有荒地承垦条</span></span><span style="font-weight: bold;">例》，等于废除了停煎盐场的“禁垦令”。他还</span></span><span style="font-weight: bold;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">在通州、海门一带搞垦牧实业，取得巨大成功，此举大大启发了周扶九。</span></span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"><br/></span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"></span></span></p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><p><br/></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"><br/></span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-size: 17px;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"> 据李守纯先生在《</span></span></span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-weight: bold;">张謇农垦事业大丰盐垦公司兴衰探讨摭拾》一文中披露：</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;">民国四年（1915年）因盐场业务衰退，周扶九最早提议废盐灶兴垦牧，推广种植棉花。不久，纺织机器从英国引进中国，亟须棉花作为纺织原料，因此废灶兴垦计划得到盐商一致赞同，由周扶九、刘梯青（</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">浙人寓沪，亦为垣商</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;">）等邀请张詧（张謇兄）一同上书张謇先生，敦请状元公出面筹组大丰盐垦股份有限公司。（</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">一说是民国六年在大豫公司的成立会上商请此事</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;">）。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"> 张謇欣然同意，认为盐场海水晒盐浪费土地人力，迟早必遭淘汰，应该废灶除盐、拓荒兴农。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"></span></p><p><br/></p><section style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;letter-spacing: 2px;background-color: rgb(253, 246, 236);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="121530" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 10px auto;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;display: flex;justify-content: space-between;border-top-width: 1px;border-top-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);border-bottom-width: 1px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;flex-shrink: 0;"><section style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;width: 7px;height: 6px;border-left-width: 1px;border-left-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);border-right-width: 1px;border-right-style: solid;border-right-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);overflow: hidden;"><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"/><br style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px 5px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-right-width: 1px;border-right-style: solid;border-right-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);border-left-width: 1px;border-left-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px;padding: 15px 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-right-width: 1px;border-right-style: solid;border-right-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);border-left-width: 1px;border-left-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-autoskip="1" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 1.5px;background-color: transparent;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;clear: both;min-height: 1em;font-size: 14px;text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"></span></p><p style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;clear: both;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-size: 14px;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><span style="font-weight: bold;font-family: calibri;"> 1918</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">年12月24日，草堰场大丰盐垦股份有限公司宣告成立。</span></span></span><span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34);caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-weight: bold;">经张謇先生登高一呼，各地盐商富贾争先恐后认购大丰盐垦公司股票，共集资股金200万元，废灶兴农计划于焉顺利成功。</span></p><p style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34);"><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34);"> </span><span style="color: rgb(47, 118, 195);">周扶九富可敌国，但平生节俭到极致，早餐连几粒盐蚕豆都数着吃，出门也舍不得坐黄包车，但他决不是守财奴。大丰公司一成立，他便率先认购股票，并将名下垣产荡地等物作价，合计53万元（银元），占公司股份</span><span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">四分之一有奇</span><span style="color: rgb(47, 118, 195);">，妥妥的第一大股东。</span></span></p></section></section></section><section style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;display: flex;justify-content: space-between;border-top-width: 1px;border-top-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);border-bottom-width: 1px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;flex-shrink: 0;"><section style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;width: 7px;height: 6px;border-right-width: 1px;border-right-style: solid;border-right-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);border-left-width: 1px;border-left-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);overflow: hidden;"><br style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section></section><section style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;flex-shrink: 0;"><section style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;width: 7px;height: 6px;border-left-width: 1px;border-left-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);border-right-width: 1px;border-right-style: solid;border-right-color: rgb(250, 179, 103);"><br style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br/></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"> 其他垣商相继跟进，先后收并垣产及滩涂110余万亩，规划面积85万亩。公司随后开沟筑堤，建筑海堤（今为老海堤、二道海堤），全长76.86公里。</span></p><p><br/><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"></span></p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><p><br/></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"> 大丰盐垦公司系民国初年全国<span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">最大</span>的农业产业企业。公司高层以南京陆军师范学堂毕业的军事测绘人才江知源、章静轩等人规划的通海垦牧公司成果为规划蓝本，吸收了荷兰水利工程师特来克等西方沿海垦务工程的先进理念，开始大规模废灶兴垦。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"> 大丰盐垦公司民国七年创立之初，设于淮南草堰场，次年正式成立总公司，驻守在西团场，民国九年移驻小港镇（今之新丰镇，又称北镇）。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"></span></span><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"> 众所周知，张謇是大丰地区由盐转垦产业革命的旗手，是沿海滩涂开发的开拓者和奠基人，</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;">周扶九则是这项事业</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">最大的支持者和参与者</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;">，同样史册留名，“功在当代，利在千秋”！</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"></span></p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><p><br/></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"></span><br/></p><p> 史载：大丰公司位置接近黄海沿岸，拓荒放牧工作第一要务是修筑岸堤及建造坝闸，用以防止海水入侵损害农田及农民生命安全。修建堤闸非一朝一夕之事，必须花费巨额经费，决非一般农民所能负担，唯有大丰盐垦公司承担这份艰巨的修堤工程。故而大丰公司创办之初曾经耗费巨大财力人力始竟全功。</p><p> 如今，大丰地区已是百余里黄金海岸，百万亩沿海滩涂，内陆河流纵横交错，肥沃农地广阔无垠。这些都是张謇、周扶九创办大丰盐垦公司，发展种植业的天然有利条件。</p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"> </span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> 抗战中</span><span style="font-size: 17px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">，东台县北部，加上盐城、兴化一些乡镇，组成台北县。1951年，因县名与宝岛台北县同名，故而选择当地最负盛名的大丰公司之名，改为大丰县，“大丰”因而成为张謇700里沿海垦殖事业中</span><span style="color: rgb(248, 173, 25);">唯一的县域地名遗产</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">。</span></span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: 17px;"><br/></span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 华文宋体;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-indent: 36px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: 17px;"> 与此同时，大丰公司旗下的37个垦区，如</span></span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">裕丰、万丰、鼎丰、阜丰、成丰、仁丰、同丰、益丰、晋丰、元丰、恒丰、泰丰、福丰、和丰、乐丰、庆丰、时丰、德丰、海丰、吉丰、安丰、瑞丰、广丰、厚丰、永丰、定丰、顺丰、正丰、余丰、利丰、盛丰、隆丰、兆丰、久丰、祥丰、祥附、年丰等等地名，逐渐深入人心，相沿至今。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"> 大丰公司民国六年（1917）筹办，到1945年结束，前后历时28年。而首倡者周扶九先生，却早已步入暮年，于1920年在上海去世。<span style="color: rgb(248, 173, 25);">真可谓“事了拂衣去，深藏功与名”！</span></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"> 今天的盐城，已经很少有人知其大名，他的后代也无人能够继承事业、有所作为，但这并不妨碍我们对这位传奇大商致以一份敬意。</span></p><p><br/></p><section style="margin: 0px 16px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-family: 微软雅黑;font-size: 12px;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: auto;text-align: center;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;widows: auto;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"/><br style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section><section data-id="23" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-family: 微软雅黑;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;border-width: 0px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 10px 0px;padding: 15px 20px 15px 45px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 0px;border-color: currentcolor;line-height: 22.39px;vertical-align: baseline;background-image: url(https://xinsubei.com/plugin.php?id=wcn_editor:wx_img&url=https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/Q8UK1BqqTJN7DFlIed1EkyfYY1grJU339pLrkRJuicalRO5CgALlKdXLzCjytIh2Bhb2zggXWqhibh1kYOVribzTQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg);background-color: rgb(241, 241, 241);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;background-position: 1% 5px;background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;"><section style="margin: 5px 16px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 17px;"> 周扶九先生去世20年后，他的一位江西吉安老乡带着一支抗日队伍转战到盐城，并于1941年底牺牲在这片土地上。他的名字叫<span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);font-weight: bold;">郭猛</span>。一个大镇以之为名，同样载入史册，留在盐城人的记忆深处。</span></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: 24px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section><p><br/></p><p><strong>来源：盐渎杂谭</strong></p><p><strong>编辑：吴勇胜</strong></p><p><strong>总编辑：陆碧波</strong></p><p><br/></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//xinsubei.com/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_J63" id="wcn_editor_css"/>
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