童骋 | 民俗钱致敬伟大女性
<section style="font-size: 17px;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;"><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin: 10px 0px 0px;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 85%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px;border-radius: 100%;border-color: rgb(233, 112, 114);overflow: hidden;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px;opacity: 1;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;height: auto;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 100%;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: -19px 0px 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 80px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 208.38 86.613" width="100%" style="max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><path d="M208.38,43.307c0-8.916.052-22.609-11.552-43.307-41.837.8-68.383,30.4-92.638,40.185C79.935,30.4,53.389.8,11.552,0-.052,20.7,0,34.391,0,43.307S-.052,65.915,11.552,86.613c41.837-.8,68.383-30.395,92.638-40.185,24.255,9.79,50.8,39.388,92.638,40.185C208.432,65.915,208.38,52.223,208.38,43.307Z" fill="rgb(233,112,114)" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></path><rect x="84.55" y="27.743" width="39.281" height="30.898" fill="rgb(248,210,215)" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></rect><path d="M159.983,36.823c-2.575.514-27.239,3.267-27.753.692s23.316-9.5,25.891-10.017a4.755,4.755,0,1,1,1.862,9.325Z" fill="rgb(248,210,215)" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></path><path d="M159.983,49.56c-2.575-.514-27.239-3.268-27.753-.692s23.316,9.5,25.891,10.017a4.755,4.755,0,1,0,1.862-9.325Z" fill="rgb(248,210,215)" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></path><path d="M48.4,36.823c2.575.514,27.239,3.267,27.753.692S52.834,28.012,50.259,27.5A4.755,4.755,0,1,0,48.4,36.823Z" fill="rgb(248,210,215)" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></path><path d="M48.4,49.56c2.575-.514,27.239-3.268,27.753-.692s-23.316,9.5-25.891,10.017A4.755,4.755,0,1,1,48.4,49.56Z" fill="rgb(248,210,215)" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></path></g></g></svg></section></section><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin: 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;margin: -16px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(30deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(30deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(30deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(30deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="color: rgb(233, 112, 114);font-size: 21px;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">国</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;margin: -4px 5px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(20deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(20deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(20deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(20deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 21px;color: rgb(233, 112, 114);text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">际</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;margin: 3px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(10deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(10deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(10deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(10deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 21px;color: rgb(233, 112, 114);text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">劳</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;margin: 6px 8px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;color: rgb(233, 112, 114);text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">动</strong></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;margin: 3px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(350deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(350deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(350deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(350deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 21px;color: rgb(233, 112, 114);text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">妇</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;margin: -4px 5px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(340deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(340deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(340deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(340deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 21px;color: rgb(233, 112, 114);text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">女</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;margin: -16px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(330deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(330deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(330deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(330deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 21px;color: rgb(233, 112, 114);text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">节</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 3月8日，是国际劳动妇女节。全称为“联合国妇女权益和国际和平日”，又称之为“国际妇女节”、“三八节”和“三八妇女节”。源于公元1910年，国际妇女大会在丹麦举行，议决以每年三月八日为妇女节，以纪念妇女为争取参政权、男女平等权等所获得的成就。近年来，民间亦称之为“女神节”、“女王节”。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 三八妇女节，不是传统的民俗节日，因此民俗钱币上不可能有其专门的钱币。但尊重女神（仙、佛）、孝敬母亲、夫妇齐眉等与妇女有关题材的民俗钱为数不少，本文拟欣赏部分这方面的民俗钱，向伟大的女性致敬，以庆祝国际劳动妇女节。</p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 224, 178);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-left: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 3px solid transparent;border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;border-top: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-right-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-left-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: -5px;margin-right: -5px;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 10px;color: rgb(97, 97, 97);line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;">王 母</span></strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 3px solid transparent;border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"> 王母，王母娘娘、西王母。中国神话中掌管不死药、长生的上古女神；是女仙之首，主宰阴气、修仙的女神；是生育万物的创世女神；是保护妇女，婚育、长寿的女神。昆仑山瑶池蟠桃园园主，仙界蟠桃宴的组织召集者。在花钱中，王母的形象多处出现，展现其女仙之首的风采。本文选择一枚选仙钱中的“王母”予以赏析。</p><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">图1 选仙钱。王母 / 为（爲）种（種）蟠桃树（蹯<img data-ratio="1.0625" data-w="32" height="34" style="box-sizing: border-box;width: 32px;height: auto !important;" width="32" src="https://xinsubei.com/plugin.php?id=wcn_editor:wx_img&url=https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/bZHQcGMHuPULrfZ0R2LafSF9oNfAiabUEH5SIcaVFl8Ov6uOK6VJzHibHzICuhm8icVCtq0aOkOrYWFBjiaicuzoIBQ/640?wx_fmt=png"/><span style="text-align: unset;box-sizing: border-box;">樹），千年一颗（顆）生，是谁（誰）来窃（竊）去，唯问（問）董双（雙）成。（图片源于首席收藏网，诚致谢意！）</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-align: unset;box-sizing: border-box;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NTE1ODIxNQ==&mid=2649248741&idx=1&sn=d62a6ff46ba1c393872dbd9a63c84db1&chksm=f3ec8dcdc49b04db4cad5b4a54de1702c5e41dd73062cd8a95918c76915b87bf00e80263bded&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="蟠桃传奇 ▏我有蟠桃树" linktype="text" imgurl="" imgdata="null" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="2">蟠桃传奇 ▏我有蟠桃树</a></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-align: unset;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-align: unset;box-sizing: border-box;"> 如图1所示为王母选仙钱。正面为王母的形象，“著黄锦袷襡，文采鲜明，光仪淑穆。带灵飞大绶，腰分头之剑。头上大华结，戴太真晨婴之冠，履元琼凤文之舄。视之可年卅许，修短得中，天姿掩蔼，容颜绝世，真灵人也”（中国神话志怪小说《汉武帝内传》）。 此枚选仙钱在表现了王母崇高形象的同时，说明了王母“为种蟠桃树，千年一颗生”的艰辛和蟠桃树生长之不易；王母指挥种植的蟠桃园，蟠桃树乃仙树仙根，千年才长成一颗。如此仙果，近来发现被窃了，是谁？只有询问负责看园的董双成了。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-align: unset;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 224, 178);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-left: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 3px solid transparent;border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;border-top: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-right-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-left-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: -5px;margin-right: -5px;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 10px;color: rgb(97, 97, 97);line-height: 1.8;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 双 成 </strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 3px solid transparent;border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"> 双成，即图1钱文所提到的董双成，女仙，为王母的侍女，同时为蟠桃园的看园人。</p><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">图2 选仙钱。双（<img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="1" data-w="34" height="34" style="box-sizing: border-box;width: 34px;height: auto !important;" width="34" src="https://xinsubei.com/plugin.php?id=wcn_editor:wx_img&url=https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/bZHQcGMHuPULrfZ0R2LafSF9oNfAiabUEsfwy37YD3ia3eyVEdcCpqHvoJcHEtBDqP2g99hA2YXtBjEEV0s0SuHA/640?wx_fmt=gif"/>）成 / 绰约（綽約）去寻（尋）真，仙源万木春；如寻窃（竊）桃客，定是滑稽人。（图片源于首席收藏网，诚致谢意！）</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NTE1ODIxNQ==&mid=2649249350&idx=1&sn=f42984dbfc6cacf2c1a8588c4d73a566&chksm=f3ec886ec49b0178161b1a4d3684fb038ad0687b423aec4d9b7d9f8377b1abe1802c6d72b92c&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="捉拿窃桃客唯有董双成" linktype="text" imgurl="" imgdata="null" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="2">捉拿窃桃客 唯有董双成</a></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 224, 178);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-left: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 3px solid transparent;border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;border-top: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-right-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-left-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: -5px;margin-right: -5px;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 10px;color: rgb(97, 97, 97);line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;">观 音</span></strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 3px solid transparent;border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 观音，观世音菩萨，观音大士，南无观世音菩萨，大慈大悲观世音菩萨。道教称慈航道人。 观音菩萨是大慈悲、大智慧、大勇猛的示现；观音菩萨无处不在，“慈眼视众生”的寻声救苦、圆满无碍的“观音妙智力”。得到人们普遍的敬重和供奉。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p></section><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin: 10px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgb(224, 64, 45) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(224, 64, 45) rgb(224, 64, 45);overflow: hidden;flex: 50 50 0%;align-self: stretch;padding: 10px;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);margin: 0px -7px 0px 0px;z-index: auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 12px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgb(224, 64, 45) rgb(224, 64, 45) rgb(224, 64, 45) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);overflow: hidden;flex: 50 50 0%;align-self: stretch;height: auto;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 12px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">图3 葫芦形挂牌。送子观音 / 鱼跃龙门（图片源于古泉园地，诚致谢意！）</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NTE1ODIxNQ==&mid=2649248707&idx=1&sn=b7c995782ad9fea8d1eedff27da2a9ec&chksm=f3ec8debc49b04fd529657a496ffb0a2742e3e2a760f6bf4d40ae83c348ce5fdf7cfb71deb6f&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="恭贺慈航道人成道宝诞" linktype="text" imgurl="" imgdata="null" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="2">恭贺慈航道人成道宝诞</a></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 如图3所示为葫芦型挂牌民俗钱，葫芦寓意“福禄”。正面纹饰为祥云环绕着的观音菩萨，怀抱一手持珊瑚的童子，缓缓送子而来，表现的是送子观音。不能有孕、或者祈求生男孩的百姓会叩拜送子观音，以求得子嗣。背面纹饰为鲤鱼跳龙门（鱼化龙），预示孩子将来会举业成功或地位高升；也有督促孩子逆流前进、奋发向上，激励孩子勤奋学习、立志成才之意。不但祈子，而且还祈贵子---将来大富大贵之子、跃龙门之子。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 224, 178);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-left: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 3px solid transparent;border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;border-top: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-right-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-left-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: -5px;margin-right: -5px;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 10px;color: rgb(97, 97, 97);line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;">妈 祖</span></strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 3px solid transparent;border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 妈祖，灵惠夫人、天妃、天后、天上圣母。原是一位民间的渔家女，原名林默；自幼聪明，为人善良正直，通晓天文气象，熟习水性，见义勇为，扶贫济困，解救危难，造福民众，保护商船、渔舟等平安航行。北宋雍熙四年(公元987年)九月初九，28岁的林默在一次海上救援时，不幸遇难。乡亲们悲痛欲绝，相信她羽化升天，成了女海神，尊她为妈祖。此后，航海的人又常见林默身着红装飞翔在海上，显灵救助遇难呼救的人。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p></section><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin: 10px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgb(224, 64, 45) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(224, 64, 45) rgb(224, 64, 45);overflow: hidden;flex: 50 50 0%;align-self: stretch;padding: 10px;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);margin: 0px -7px 0px 0px;z-index: auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 12px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgb(224, 64, 45) rgb(224, 64, 45) rgb(224, 64, 45) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);overflow: hidden;flex: 50 50 0%;align-self: stretch;height: auto;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 12px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">图4 银质挂牌。单孔挂环，主体为如意盾牌状。正面为妈祖圣像，妈祖头戴天后冠、有顶光，身边祥云环绕，踏波而行， 似妈祖显圣，解救众生之苦难。背面为诗文，顶行横读为“天上圣母”，表明正面女神的身份；中间四句诗文竖读为“向四海显神，通千秋不朽，历数朝受封，典万古流芳。”下方为规则的波浪纹，表明海面平安吉祥。该银牌既是对妈祖显灵的歌颂，也是对妈祖形象的赞美，更是祈妈祖护佑平安（盾牌状亦寓意护佑）。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NTE1ODIxNQ==&mid=2649247291&idx=1&sn=79a9319eeceab41e1093f34a58fe23af&chksm=f3ec9013c49b19054f4f65cb7f716e4d751012bf6da82dd0b2d2577d13af476d2d926f72b4fc&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="但愿海波平" linktype="text" imgurl="" imgdata="null" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="2">但愿海波平</a><br/></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 224, 178);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-left: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 3px solid transparent;border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;border-top: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-right-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-left-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: -5px;margin-right: -5px;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 10px;color: rgb(97, 97, 97);line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;">孝 母</span></strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 3px solid transparent;border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"> 孝敬母亲，是中华民族的优良传统之一，也体现了中华民族对女性的尊重。</p><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin: 10px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgb(224, 64, 45) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(224, 64, 45) rgb(224, 64, 45);overflow: hidden;flex: 50 50 0%;align-self: stretch;padding: 10px;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);margin: 0px -7px 0px 0px;z-index: auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 12px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgb(224, 64, 45) rgb(224, 64, 45) rgb(224, 64, 45) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);overflow: hidden;flex: 50 50 0%;align-self: stretch;height: auto;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 12px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">图5 圆形挂牌。王祥卧冰 / 孟中哭竹。挂首为如意祥云冠式单孔挂钮，主体为圆牌。两面分别有文字和纹饰组成，一为“王祥卧冰”及其冰上卧冰求鲤的场景，一为“孟中哭竹”及其林中哭竹生笋的场景。（图片源于《花泉涌菁》）</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NTE1ODIxNQ==&mid=2649241978&idx=1&sn=9fb6e7c065640d72ff4b3abade4192c9&chksm=f3ece752c49b6e4462741aea7a2d9b38daca64ba4fe49c4007bea1180d91bfecea005ff5560f&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="百善孝为先" linktype="text" imgurl="" imgdata="null" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="2">百善孝为先</a><br/></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 如图5所示，讲述了两则孝行故事。王祥卧冰求鲤为后母治病，孟中冬日寻荀为亲娘治病，孝心感动天和地，皆如愿以偿。故事虽然是虚构的，但其提倡的理念是有积极意义的。尽孝之心，一定会感天动地，一定能使母亲（长辈）安康。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p></section><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin: 10px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgb(224, 64, 45) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(224, 64, 45) rgb(224, 64, 45);overflow: hidden;flex: 50 50 0%;align-self: stretch;padding: 10px;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);margin: 0px -7px 0px 0px;z-index: auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 12px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgb(224, 64, 45) rgb(224, 64, 45) rgb(224, 64, 45) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);overflow: hidden;flex: 50 50 0%;align-self: stretch;height: auto;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 12px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">图6 吉语钱。孝顺父母 / 五代富贵（图片源于华夏古泉网，诚致谢意！）</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NTE1ODIxNQ==&mid=2649248979&idx=1&sn=4710aa2e30567bf4cb2717c2a3d74fa2&chksm=f3ec8afbc49b03eda00384ab3d04d8f96ab2742e3017cbf3849b6f34621a3610ede993fce7e9&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="孝顺父母 忠孝传家" linktype="text" imgurl="" imgdata="null" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="2">孝顺父母 忠孝传家</a><br/></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 224, 178);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-left: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 3px solid transparent;border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;border-top: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-right-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-left-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: -5px;margin-right: -5px;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 10px;color: rgb(97, 97, 97);line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;">齐 眉</span></strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 3px solid transparent;border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 夫妇齐眉。夫妇，即夫妻，指男女二人结成的合法婚姻关系。齐眉，指达到人眉毛的高度，为成语举案齐眉的略语，比喻夫妇相敬如宾；齐眉犹言“同寿”，夫妇偕老曰齐眉。夫妇齐眉，是指夫妇两人恩爱有加、相敬如宾，白首偕老。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">图7 吉语钱。夫妇齐眉 / 同鞋到老（图片源于首席收藏网，诚致谢意！）</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 同鞋到老，鞋与偕是同音，意即同偕到老。是指夫妇一起共同生活（同居）直到老年。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">图8 吉语钱。儿孙满堂 / 夫妇齐眉（图片源于首席收藏网，诚致谢意！）</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NTE1ODIxNQ==&mid=2649244581&idx=1&sn=e22af8153a0fa3286d473cd106ebee72&chksm=f3ec9d8dc49b149b3325993db38c6135f8583562bddb06849b144242a46e4110cb5bccdfad7e&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="夫妇齐眉" linktype="text" imgurl="" imgdata="null" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="2">夫妇齐眉</a><br/></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 除了上述王母、观世音、妈祖、双成等外，民俗钱币上还有嫦娥、何仙姑、黄氏女、织女、九子母等伟大女性。限于篇幅，本文仅举数枚民俗钱予以赏析。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 王母与双成，观世音菩萨，妈祖等均为神仙菩萨，是人们的保护神。人们礼拜她们，也表现了人们对女性的尊敬。这种尊敬，还体现在对母亲的孝敬上，体现在夫妇齐眉相敬如宾上。人们将尊敬之情，铸于民俗钱币，使人在欣赏之余，体会到这种尊敬，并落实到行动中去。</p></section></section><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="10000"></mp-style-type></p><p><br/></p><p><strong>编辑：吴勇胜</strong></p><p><strong>总编辑：陆碧波</strong></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//xinsubei.com/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_IxM" id="wcn_editor_css"/>
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