张永辉 | 闲话盐城名人—柳敬亭
<p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">朋友们，今天与大家分享的盐城名人叫柳敬亭。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;" nodeleaf=""></section><p><br/></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">柳敬亭（</span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">1587-1670年），原名曹永昌，大约18岁时流浪敬亭山，曾在柳树下休息，故改姓柳，取名逢春，号敬亭。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">柳敬亭，祖居南通余西场，后迁盐城东台境内曹家庄（今时堰），原属泰州</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">柳敬亭</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">因少年时</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">是</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">地方</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">的一个小痞子</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">，受官方通缉，四处流浪，故隐姓埋名，所以出生地今天争议较多，泰州市有</span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">“柳园”是为纪念柳敬亭而兴建的，这里不作考证。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">柳敬亭是一位传奇式的人物。他被称为，明末清初著名的评话艺术家，</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">扬州评话的开山鼻祖。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">柳敬亭</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">长得</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">其貌不扬，</span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">“黧黑，满面疤瘤，悠悠忽忽，土木形骸”，人称“柳麻子”。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">柳敬亭，小时不守法纪，嗜好赌博，蛮横凶悍。十五岁那年，触犯刑法，应当处死，被官府通缉，因此他改名换姓，逃至泰兴、如皋等地，曾在泰兴一个人家帮佣糊口，后来又流浪到盱眙，给人说书度日，他凭作天赋，说的故事居然能感动市民。但由于他生性</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">好赌，说书所得总是随手而尽，生活依然非常窘困。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">18岁那年</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">到了江南，</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">松江府</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">有个叫</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">莫后光</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">的读书人见了他，说：</span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">“这人机智灵活，可以帮助他，</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">让</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">他的演技出名。</span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">”于是对柳敬亭说：“说书虽是低微的技艺，但也必须勾画出故事中人物的性格情态，熟悉各地方的风土人情。要象</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">春秋</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">时楚国</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">优孟</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">那样以隐言和唱歌讽谏，而后才能达到目的。</span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">”柳敬亭回到家里，聚精会神，专心致志，用心练习，反复推求。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;" nodeleaf=""></section><p><br/></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">在名师的指点下，柳敬亭技艺大进，他说书表情丰富，情节生动，人物形象逼真，语言生动幽默，谈笑风生，滑稽传神，有独特的艺术风格。他最擅长于楚汉、隋唐、水浒故事，而以英雄盗贼最为传神。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">柳敬亭在</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">扬州</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">、</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">杭州</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">、南京等大城市说书，名声显扬于达官贵人之中。在豪华大厅的盛大集会之上，在悠闲亭榭的独坐之中，人们争着请柳敬亭表演他的技艺，</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">人人都</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">说他演得好。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">被誉为</span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">“行遍天下，没有对手”的说书家。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">崇祯十六年（</span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">1643年），入幕在左良玉的门下，劝左良玉以抗清大局为重，甚受器重。柳敬亭阅历丰富，所拟文稿语言通俗易懂，很合左良玉的口味。他在军中说书，谈说历史上的忠勇侠义之事，一则娱乐，二则鼓励士气。1645年，左良玉病死，柳敬亭的军中生活也遂告结束。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">国家的破亡，朝代的更替，个人的悲欢，丰富了柳敬亭人生阅历，升华了思想境界，书说得也愈发深切感人。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(51,51,51);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><span style="font-family:Helvetica"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">每讲一词一语，让人听起来，有的像刀枪剑戟碰撞，带甲骑兵突然冲出，飒飒作响，腾空而起；有的象狂风怒号，苦雨泣诉；有的象鸟鹊悲鸣，群兽惊骇，使人立即产生亡国之恨。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(51,51,51);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">明朝灭亡之后，清朝推行</span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">“剃发令”，“留发不留头，留头不留发”，并禁止百姓穿戴明朝衣服。柳敬亭以说书表演需要为借口，一直留发不剃，明朝衣冠不改。他还将亡国之痛、抑郁之气，融合在说书之中。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">康熙元年（</span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">1662年）春天，76岁的柳敬亭来到北京说书，震动了北京文坛。他凭三寸不烂之舌，周游于公卿之间，抵掌谈笑，诙谐从容，与文人和官僚们往来唱和。当时在京的官员和诗人纷纷为柳敬亭赋诗、作文、填词、作传，记录他的表演，赞美他的艺术，赠他作为纪念。比如余怀的《板桥杂记》，吴伟业和黄宗羲的不同的《柳敬亭传》等。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;" nodeleaf=""></section><p><br/></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;text-align: center;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 15px;">（东台柳敬亭故居）</span></span></span></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">柳敬亭在北京说书达四年之久，</span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">80多岁高龄的柳敬亭由京返乡，为了糊口，还在扬州、苏州、南京说书献艺，度过了贫苦凄凉的晚年，他的艺术生涯达七十年之久，死后葬于苏州。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="margin-left: 31.5pt;text-indent: 0px;text-align: left;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">文人士大夫中，写作诗文称誉柳敬亭者甚多，</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">复社成员</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">冒辟疆也写过《赠柳敬亭》诗</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">：</span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 31.5pt;text-indent: 0px;text-align: left;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">忆昔孤军鄂渚秋，</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;text-align: left;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">武昌城外战云愁。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;text-align: left;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">如今衰白谁相问，</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;text-align: left;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">独对西风哭故侯。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">说的是柳敬亭刚到</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">武昌</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">拜见宁南伯左良玉时，左良玉以为柳不过是一位江湖艺人，不宜从军，就想试试他的胆量，密令手下人在宴会的军幕中排列手执长刀的士兵，柳敬亭面对明晃晃的钢刀，开怀畅饮，</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">谈笑自若</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">。左良玉不由得暗暗称奇，于是留他在军幕之中，日夕谈论《</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">三国</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">》《水浒》中的谋略战例。他为左良玉出谋划策，深得左的信任。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);mso-shading:rgb(255,255,255);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">冒辟疆在重逢晚年的柳敬亭，听他说评书后，还有一首诗相赠，诗云：</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">游侠髯麻柳敬亭，</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">诙谐笑骂不曾停。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">重逢快说隋家事，</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">又费河亭一日听。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">诗赞柳敬亭有游侠之风，说他说书诙谐，喜笑怒骂，感情十分投入</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">柳敬亭的评书风格，对我国评书的艺术发展影响很大。扬州评话大师王少堂曾说过：</span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 17px;">“说《水浒》的老祖宗是柳敬亭。”他把说书艺术推向了顶峰，成为我国曲艺史上最早最杰出的评话表演艺术家，后世艺人皆视为楷模，收徒拜师，都先拜柳之牌位，奉其为祖师爷。</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes;font-family:宋体;color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:0.0000pt;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;font-size:14.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;background:rgb(245,245,245);mso-shading:rgb(245,245,245);"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><br/></p><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="3"></mp-style-type></p><p><strong>来源：海边看海<br/></strong></p><p><strong>作者：张永辉<br/></strong></p><p><strong>编辑：吴勇胜<br/></strong></p><p><strong>总编辑：陆碧波</strong></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//xinsubei.com/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_IxM" id="wcn_editor_css"/>
页:
[1]