我们的约束 发表于 2025-3-12 11:00:43

民国时期官方认定40位民族英雄,其一来自盐城

<section><span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 17px;"><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">整整86年前,</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);"><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">1937年6月3日至4 日,在国民政.府中.央文化事业计划委员会副主任</span><span style="color: rgb(47, 118, 195);">张道藩</span><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">的主持下,专门就“表彰民族英雄”的议案予以研究。经过长时间的反复研讨,最后认定40人为民族英雄:</span></span></span></span></section><p><br/></p><section><p><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;">秦汉:</span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">秦始皇、蒙恬、汉武帝、霍去病、张骞、苏武、马援、窦宪、班超;</span></span></p><p><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp; </span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;">三国两晋南北朝:</span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">诸葛亮、</span></span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">谢玄;</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp; </span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);font-weight: bold;">唐朝:</span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">唐太宗、李靖、李勣、刘仁轨、王玄策、郭子仪、李光弼;</span></p><p><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp; </span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;">宋朝: </span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">宗泽、韩世忠、岳飞、文天祥、</span><span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-weight: bold;font-size: 17px;">陆秀夫;</span></span></span></p><p><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-weight: bold;font-size: 17px;">&nbsp; &nbsp;辽朝:<span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">耶律太后;</span></span></span></p><p><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;">元朝:</span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">元太祖、拔都;</span></span></p><p><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span class="wx_text_underline">明</span></span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;"><span class="wx_text_underline">朝:</span></span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;"><span class="wx_text_underline">明太祖、郑和、唐顺之、俞大猷、戚继光、宋应昌、熊廷弼、袁崇焕、孙承宗、史可法、秦良玉(女)、郑成功;</span></span></span></p><p><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; </span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; 清朝:</span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-weight: bold;">左宗棠、冯子材。</span></span></p></section><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><p><br/></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">通告称:“中.央文化事业计划委员会,</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">以我国历史久远,代有特起人物,故表而出之,藉作人群楷模,增强民族自信力</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">,遂有此次表彰民族英雄的决定出台。”</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; 《现代汉语词典》中,对“民族英雄”是这样解释的:捍卫本民族的独立、自由和利益,在抗击外来侵略的斗争中表现无比英勇的人。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 不过,民族英雄的内涵与时俱进,</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">一般<sw-1905 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: STHeiti SC, Microsoft YaHei, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;"><swan-text selectable="true" class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;-webkit-user-select: text;">是指维护国家</swan-text></sw-1905><sw-1904 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: STHeiti SC, Microsoft YaHei, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;"><swan-text class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><span class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;-webkit-user-select: text;">领土</span></swan-text></sw-1904><sw-1905 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: STHeiti SC, Microsoft YaHei, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;"><swan-text selectable="true" class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;-webkit-user-select: text;">、</swan-text></sw-1905><sw-1904 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: STHeiti SC, Microsoft YaHei, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;"><swan-text class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><span class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;-webkit-user-select: text;">领海</span></swan-text></sw-1904><sw-1905 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: STHeiti SC, Microsoft YaHei, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;"><swan-text selectable="true" class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;-webkit-user-select: text;">、</swan-text></sw-1905><sw-1904 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: STHeiti SC, Microsoft YaHei, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;"><swan-text class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><span class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;-webkit-user-select: text;">领空</span></swan-text></sw-1904><sw-1905 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: STHeiti SC, Microsoft YaHei, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;"><swan-text selectable="true" class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;-webkit-user-select: text;">主权完整,保障</swan-text></sw-1905><sw-1904 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: STHeiti SC, Microsoft YaHei, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;"><swan-text class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><span class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;-webkit-user-select: text;">国家安全</span></swan-text></sw-1904><sw-1905 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: STHeiti SC, Microsoft YaHei, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;"><swan-text selectable="true" class="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;-webkit-user-select: text;">,维护人民利益及民族尊严,在历次反侵略战争中,献出宝贵生命和作出杰出贡献的仁人志士。</swan-text></sw-1905></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp;比照这一定义,上图名单中的一些人便有些名不副实了。如元太祖(蒙古人,成吉思汗铁木真)、拔都(铁木真之孙,术赤之子,钦察汗国创立者)。</span></p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><p><br/></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp;然而,这份名单中的绝大多数人是无愧于“民族英雄”这一称号的,他们为国为民奋不顾身,立功立德,光昭史册。“疾风知劲草,板荡识诚臣”,特别是在国家民族危亡之际,英雄们毅然挺身而出,生死以之,名单中的宋朝5人皆是如此。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp;这当中,就有盐城杰出先贤</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">陆秀夫!</span></p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;"></span><br/></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp;陆秀夫的大名,在盐城早已妇孺皆知。但是,对他的身后事,史书语焉不详,乡人传流不多。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 乾隆《淮安府志》记载:“元兵破厓山,度不得脱,乃仗剑驱妻子入海,即负帝入海死。”另据《陆秀夫史实研述》介绍,陆公计有五子,即:</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(47, 118, 195);">陆繇</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">(赵氏出)、七郎、八郎、九郎(倪氏出)、陆钊(蔡氏出);一女,名不详。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 在大宋王朝最后的时刻,随同陆公一起殉国的,是他几个儿子中的八郎和九郎,均未到十岁,与宋末帝赵昺年龄相仿。陆公的长子陆繇,字从善,号存祀。在陆公殉国时,他因滞留潮州而幸存。</span></p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><p><br/></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;陆繇“娶妻周氏(周裕之女),生子海、道。继配薛氏,生子陆浩。海名孟良,字四乙,幼居潮州。及长,因先世在盐城,(陆孟良)遂率妻子泛海来归,生子明辅、明四、明五。孟良夫妇殁后,合葬于盐城冈门镇(今龙冈镇)北三茅观之西侧,以下枝叶繁茂。”</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp;由此可见,今日盐城的陆秀夫后人,为其长子</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">陆繇一脉,</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">但陆繇之后却不止盐城一地。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp;陆秀夫五子陆钊,字二思,仙游蔡荔娘生。钊,乃杨太后赐名,含戮灭金元之义。陆钊长大后,元朝的宣抚使访之,劝其请授官爵,不从,后更</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(47, 118, 195);">诫子孙不得仕元。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp;至明太祖洪武十二年(1379),陆公殉国百年之际,陆钊的元孙陆昭,获授御史,后擢户部主事,上疏乞封陆公衣冠冢(在莆田嵩山,系蔡氏夫人为陆公所作之招魂葬)及蔡氏夫人墓,又奉旨给假回盐城陆公故里焚黄(纸钱)祭祖。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;">&nbsp; &nbsp;忠良有后,于民间而言,乃最可欣慰者!陆公后裔,自元、明、清以降七百多年来,散居于闽粤及盐城故里,族群繁衍,且科名仕宦不绝。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><strong>来源:盐渎杂谭<br/></strong></p><p><strong>编辑:吴勇胜</strong></p><p><strong>总编辑:陆碧波</strong></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//xinsubei.com/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_IxM" id="wcn_editor_css"/>
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